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SAVE YOUR ORCHARDS 



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Polysolvc Preparation 

DESTROYIiyC INSECTS. 



Adopted by Department of Public Parks of the City of New YorL 
/ 

Brustlein. Sury & Co., 

Sole Proprietors and Manufacturers, 
N"o. 11 DEY STK,EHIT, ITB'W YOR,K. 

P. O. J3.0X 3348. 





TESTIMONIAL. 



Certificate from Prof. E. B. SOUTHWICK, Botanist 
and Entomologist of CENTRAL PARK, NEW YORK, 
on the " Polysolve Preparations," used in the Central and 
City Parks of New York. 

Messrs. BRUSTLEIN, SURY & CO. 

Gentlemen : — I have used your Polysolve Preparations for Insect 
Destruction in tlie Central and City Parks of New York and 
have found it all that could he desired. 

Several Thousand trees have been treated with it, such 
as the oak, hickory, butternut, elm, apple, willow, poplar, plum, 
pear, quince, thorn, horse-chestnut, ash, maple, catalpa, pine, etc., 
in fact any tree infested with the scale insect or wooly aphis 
has been put in the best condition, and all trees so treated have 
shown a marked difference in growth and appearance even in 
one summer. I have also used it for cleaning trees that are 
covered with minute fungi and green moss, often so abundant in 
moist shady situations. For the prevention of wood boring and 
bark burrowing insects depositing their eggs and for the destruction 
of the eggs and larvae, I believe this preparation Avill be most 
useful. I have been and am still treating trees subject to their 
attack and expect to get satisfactory results, as the Pol5^solve 
Preparation remains on the tree for some time it must destroy 
any eggs or larvae, it comes in contact with. I only wish that 
every farmer, fruit-grower and owner of trees and shrubs could 
use this remedy which has done such effectual work in the Parks 
of New York. 

Respectfully, 

E. B. SOUTHWICK, 

Entomologist in charge. 
Arsenal Building Central Park, ) 

September 20, 1884. ) 



DESCRIPTION OF PARASITES 

WHICH PREY UPON 

Fruit and Ornamental Trees 




NOV 25 1884>/. 



Dr. MULLER JACOBS' 



POLYSOLVE PREPARATIONS 

For Destroying Insects injurious to Vegetation. 



SOLE PROPRIETORS AND MANUFACTURERS 

Brustlein, Sury & Co., 

No. 11 Dey Street, New York. 



SE3E3 a-EJNEK/AL IN^IDB^S OlST 1TE2CT FA-O-E. 

COPYRIGHT, 1884, By BRUSTLEIN, SURY & CO. 



-W ... VV 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Page. 



2. 

3- 

4. 

5- 
6. 

7- 
8. 

9- 

lO. 

1 1. 

12. 

13- 

14- 



I. Save your Orchards and Ornamental trees, 

(Value of property destroyed by insects yearly in the U. S.) 

IT. What is Polysolve ? 

(General properties of Polysolve Preparations. ) 
HI. Description of some of the parasites which prey upon fru 
other trees, etc., . . . . . 

I. The Apple-root Plant-louse, 

The Oyster-shell Bark-louse, 

The Scurfy Bark-louse, 

The round-headed Apple-tree Borer, 

The Apple-bark Beetle, 

The flat-headed Apple-tree Borer, 

The long-horned Borer, 

The wooly louse of the Apple, . 

The Peach-tree Bark-louse, . 

The Pear-tree Borer, 

The Pear-tree Bark-louse, 

The Peach-tree Borer, 

The Broad Scale, 

The Barnacle Scale of the Orange, . 

The Black Scale, 

1 6. The Divaricated Buprestis, 

17. The Cherry-tree Scale, 

18. The Cherry-tree Bark-kmse, 

19. The Quince Scale, 
2C. The White Oak Scale Insect, . 

21. The Black Oak Scale-Insect, 

22. The Oak Blight, . . . ' , 

23. The Wooly Elm-Tree Douse, 

24. The Hickory Park-Douse, 
The Hickory Blight, . 
The Butternut Bark-Douse, 
The Butternut Scale Insect, . 
The Docust Borer, ..... 
The Poplar, Ash and Willow Scale-Insect, 
The Green moss and minute fungis. 

The Polysolve Preparations for Destroying Insects, 
Preparation No. i, Red Dabel, 
" " 2, Blue Dabel, . 

" " 3, Green Dabel, 

Implements for applying the Polysolve Preparations 
Cost of applying Polysolve Preparations on trees, 
Index to Insects, . ..... 

Index to Trees, ....... 

Remarks on Insects, destroying shoots and leaves, 

Traae Mark and Price Dist, 

Testimonial, . . . . . . . • 2nd 

Fertilizers of II. ]. Baker ct Brother, . . 3d and 4th 



it and 



lY. 



V. 

VI. 

VII. 

VIII- 

IX 



25. 
26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30- 



. 8 

9 

■ 9 

9 

10 
10 
10 
II 
1 1 
II 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 
13 
13 

• 13 
13 

• 13 
13 
14 
14 

. 14 
14 
14 
15 

• 15 
15 

. 16 
16 and 17 

• 17 
18 

• 19 
20 

. 17 
page cover 



V 



Save your Orchards and Ornamental Trees. 



To understand the relation insects bear to each other 
and to the trees and plants upon whidi they prey, has 
been a constant study for many years by some of the most 
eminent and learned men of Europe and this country. 

The disastrous results of their workings make it 
necessary that those who own valuable orchard and 
shade trees should know what is for their best interest, 
and how to successfully contend with these pests that 
annually destroy their crops and every year lessen the 
utility of tree growth. 

Although individual insects are small and therefore 
seem of little moment, yet a great number of them 
combined makes the matter one of importance and re- 
quires serious consideration. The number of species is 
so large^ and their facundity so enormous^ that often in 
a few days they will so increase as to be able to destroy 
whole sections of country and despoil the fruit grower 
and farmer of his whole and often his only subsistence. 
To counteract this destructive influence men have been 
studying and experimenting for years. Many of the states 
have already established Entomological Bureaus, and the 
work of the Entomological Department at Washington, 
in Charge of Prof. C. V. Riley is doing a great and 
beneficial work for this country, and already very satis- 
factory results have been obtained. 

Millions of dollars worth of property are annually 
destroyed in this country by "destructive insects." 

B. D. Walsh, who is considered good authority, gives 
it as his opinion that the United States lose annually 
three hundred millions of dollars ($300,000,000) by de- 
structive insects alone. 



_4 — 

There does not seem to be a country in the world 
where insects are as destructive as in this, and therefore 
in no country is it of more importance to see that proper 
measures are taken to keep them in subjection. 

Every farmer and fruit-grower shoukl see to it 
that no insect infests his trees and plants. A little know- 
ledge and care in this respect will largely increase his 
crops and therefore make all of more value. 

There seems to be scarcely anything exempt from 
insect ravages. The air and water teem with countless 
myriads, and in the vegetable growth every part of the 
tree and plant is infested with them ; in the seed, stalk, 
bark, pith, twig, flower, bud, leaf, root, in fact every 
portion gives food to innumerable numbers of insects, and 
all at the expense of plant-life. Dr. Packard states that 
about seventy-five species of insects prey upon the apple- 
tree, and nearly as many upon the plum, peachy and 
cherry. Fifty species attack the grape - vine. Thirty 
species destroy our garden vegetables. Fifty species prey 
upon our cereals and grass. Fifty species infest the oaks. 
Twenty or more the elm. Seventy or more the walnut, 
and nearly a hundred prey upon the pine. Prof. J. A. 
Lintner, the New York State Entomologist, enumerates 
one hundred and seventy-six species working upon the 
apple-tree alone. Is it a wonder that the orchards so 
often fail, when the trees have such a host of enemies to 
contend with^ and is it not important that farmers and 
tree-oTOwers should know when and how to deal with 
their enemies ? 

Great numbers of insects are brought to us from for- 
eio-n countries in almost every imported article, therefore the 
United States must suffer from their ravages unless measures 
are taken to subdue them and keep them in subjection. 

The Polysolve Preparations are therefore of especial 
benefit for their destruction and for keeping the bark 
clean and in a healthy condition. 



II. What is Polysolve? 



The name "Polysolve" has been applied by the 
inventor to a new and powerful solvent and diluent suit- 
able for a variety of substances. When concentrated, it 
forms a clear light yellow, oily, viscid and neutral liquid 
(specific gravity 1,023). ^^ is soluble in alcohol, in all 
proportions, and is mixable with a small 
quantity, say one or two parts of water, 
without losing its oily character. With 
a large quantity of water it produces a clear 
•or faintly opalescent, foamy solution, re- 
markable for its extreme affinity for water 
and penetrability. The chief property of 
"Polysolve" is this, that it may be combin- 
ed with relatively large quantities of a great 
variety of substances which are powerful- 
agents on oro;anic matter, but could not 
heretofore be introduced for general use on 
account of being either insufficiently soluble 
or in other regards not easy to handle. 

Specially in agriculture and horti- 
culture many chemicals have been known lll|.!,f'''M 
long ago to have properties for destroying 
scales, larvae, and insects of every descrip- 
tion, but their use has been hindered by the 
form in which they were brought on the 

Section of limb of Wil- 

Such chemicals which could not be c^:;,;'" wuh'scarin- 

di I . , , . sects, the lower portion 

issolved m water, at any rate, are now as it appears after the 

, , , . Ill cleaning with the I'oly- 

brought to evervbodv s use m a soluble «)ive,Prepai;atioiiKo. 1. 

& J J Ri><l Label. -Drawn from 

State by being prepared in Polysolve. '"''""'• 

The solutions or mixtures thus produced — which 
constitute the " Polysolve Preparations " — have the 

5 



— — 

property of penetrating with the utmost ease into the 
interstices of membranes, the skin of insects for in- 
stance, etc., and are, therefore, extremely suitable for 
destroying the vermin which infests our parks and 
orchards ; they may be employed in any desired con- 
centration, with or without the addition of water^ but 
it will be found that the proportions given in this 
pamphlet for each special case will be most effective 
when strictly observed, being based on extensive prac- 
tical experiences. 

The Polysolve itself used for the preparations, has 
also a very wholesome effect on the trees and shrubs, 
having all the properties and especially the cleaning 
power of the best soap. 



Description of some of the Parasites 

which prey upon Fruit and Ornamental 
Trees and Shrubs. 




Roots of young Apple-tree, infested with 

the Apple-root Plant-louse. 

Schizoneiira iauig-e>-a. — Hausm. 



I. The Apple-root Plant-louse. 

Schizoneura lanigera (Hausm.) 

This is a very destructive insect 
to young apple-trees, living upon the 
roots;, from which the}^ take the sap, 
causing excresences to grow upon 
them, soon kilhng the tree unless 
measures are taken to destrov them. 
The Polysolve Preparation No. 2, 
Blue Label, will eftectually kill 
them by first excavating the earth from 
about the tree, so as to make the soil loose, 
then by pouring in a small quantity of the 
preparation the insects will be imme- 
diatelv killed. 



i — 



2 The Oyster-shell Bark-louse. 

Mytilaspis pomonim. Bouclu'-. 

This is one of the 
most destructive in- 
sects we ha\e on the 
apple. It also infests 
the ash, tvillow, pop- 
lar, tamarisk, andtnafty 
other species of trees. 
This insect is so small 
and so near the color 
of the bark of the 
tree that is is often 
difficult to detect it. 
Many fruit and or- 
namental trees are 
infested with" these 
pests and the owners 
are unaware of the 
fact that their trees 
are having their life 
taken from them by 
these parasites and 
what should go to 
the nourishment of 
the tree and the per- 
fection of its fruit is 
taken up by these 
millions of suckers, 
imbeded in the bark. 
The tree therefore in- 
stead of doing its. 
special work is only 
feeding these insect 
enemies. Every apple, 
fruit, and ornamental 
'tree should have its 
trunk and main branches 
thoroughly cleaned with 
PoLYSOLVE Prepara- 
tion No. I , Red La- 
bel. A good coat of 
it should be given and allowed to stand about five minutes, 




The apple-tree scale insect. (Mytilaspis 
/oiiiorinii). Bouche. 



The scale, magnifierl. 



then 



— 8 — 



another coat applied, and the whole cleaned oft" with the steel-brushes which 
will leave the bark smooth and clean and in a healthy condition. The Prepar- 
ation at once kills the insects and loosens the scales causing them to come off 
readilv, 



3. The Scurfy Bark-louse. 

Chionaspis fiirfuriis. Fitch. 





Scurfy bark-louse, 
magnified. 



Scurfy bark-louse, 
female, magnified. 



The scurfy bark-louse (Chi>. 
Fitch. 



spis fu r/u rus) 



This scale insect is found chiefly 
on the apple and pear and is very 
destructive. The limbs and trunk 
have a scurfy appearance and the 
tree is often so weakened that it is of 
little value. 

A thorough cleaning with the Po- 
LYSOLVE Preparation No./, red label, 
as directed for the oyster shell bark- 
louse, will rid the tree of this pest and leave it in a healthy condition. 

Fig. I is a branch covered with this scale. Fig. 2 the male scale ; 
and Fig. 3 the female. 



4. The Round-headed Apple- 
tree Borer. 

SapcJida Candida. Fabr. 

This destructive insect is now well 
known and great numbers of trees 
are annually lost by its working. It 
is found chiefly on the apple, but 
also works on the June berry, 
mountain ash, quince, pear and 
thorn. One of the best remedies is 
to wash the tree trunks and lower 
limbs with the preparation just before 




rvOund-hcaded appl 



-tree borer, Sapenda Candida. 
Fabr. 



— 9 — 

they lay their eggs, which is the later part of June and the first of July, 
this will keep them from depositing them on the bark, and if any should be 
so deposited the young larvae will be killed after hatching and when it 
commences to eat into the bark. The Polysolve Prkparation No. 3, Green 
Label,\% specially prepared for this purpose and should be used on all apple 
and other trees as above directed. 



5. The Apple-bark Beetle. 

iMonarfhrum mali. (Fiich.) 

These destructive insects burrow under the bark of the apple-tree 
and are frequently so numerous as to be the means of killing them. The 
trees after putting forth- their leaves in spring are often seen to wither sud- 
denly and die. The probable cause is this insect. If the Polysolve Prepa- 
x.vrioN No. 3 be applied to the bark about the middle of July, it will have 
the effect of killing any eggs that may be deposited thereon, and will prevent 
its destruction bv the beetle. 



6. The Flat-headed Apple-tree Borer. 

Chrvsobolhris femorata. (Fabr.) 

This destructive insect is distributed very extensively all over the 
vountry, the female laying her eggs in the crevices of the bark of the apple- 
tree. In the South it makes its appearance in May, and in the North in 
June and July. The Polysolve Preparation No. 3, applied the last of April 
in the South, and the middle of June in the North, will prevent its destruc- 
iflve influence. 



7. The Long-horned Borer. 

Laptoslxlus acidifer. (Say.) 

This insect burrows under the bark of the apple-tree, making long 
narrow winding tracks often in such numbers as to kill the tree. The Poly- 
solve Preparation No. 3. applied the first of August will kill any eggs that 
may have been deposited, and prevent the female laying her eggs if she 
has not alreadv done so. 



— 10 — 



8. The Wooly Louse of the Apple. 




Schizoneura lauigera. (Hausm.) 

This insect is very destructive 
to the apple-tree, it is the same 
species that attacks the root, 
but in this form it lives upon the 
shoots forming patches of a white 
substance resembling cotton. 
The insects live upon the sap 
and by their irritation large ex- 
crescences are formed upon the 
limbs, as is upon the roots. The 
PoLvsoLVE Pre- 
paration No. I, 
Red Label, is a most 
effectual re77ied\\ 
one or two appli- 
cations should be 
made and if on The wooUy apple- 
large limbs the '^"'"- M^g"'^^''- 
steel-brush can be used. 

Fig. I is a branch affected 
by these insects, and Fig. 2 
one of the insects, magnified. 



The woolly apple-louse 

(Schisoneii ra in ?!igera . 

Hausm. 




9. The Peach-tree Bark-louse. 

Lecaniitni persicae. (Fal)r.j 

This is a small, black, hemispherical scale insect that infests the peach, 
feeding upon its sap, weakening the tree so that it is of no use for fruit and 
eventually dies of exhaustion. A thorough cleaning with the Polysolve 
Preparation No. i. Red Label, will restore it to a healthy condition if not too 
far gone already. Every peach orchard should be twice a year cleaned 
with the preparation as it kills all insects harboring underneath the bark 
and leaves the trunk clean and bright. 



10. The Pear-tree Borer. 

Aegeria pji'i. (Harris.) 

This is a small moth, the larvae of which burrows under the bark of 
the pear-tree. It can be found by the casting which it throws out from its 



— 11 — 



burrows. It feeds chiefly on the inner bark, weakening and often kilhng- 
the tree. The Polysolve Preparation No. 3, appHed in April will prevent 
the moth laying her eggs, and a thorough soaking of the bark with it will 
kill any larvae that it may reach. 



II. The Pear-tree Bark-Louse. 

Lecanium pyri. (Schrank.) 
This scale insect is found on the trunks and branches of the pear-tree 
and is often so numerous as to kill the tree. They are difficult to detect 
as they are near the color of the bark and will be found most abundant on 
the under side of the limbs. Every pear tree should be thoroughly washed 
with the Polysolve Preparation No. i, red label, and thoroughly cleaned oft~ 
with the steel-brush which will leave it clean and healthy. 



12. The Peach-tree Borer. 

Aegeria exitiosa. (Say.) 

This is one of the most destructive insects we have to deal with, often 

destroying whole orchards of the peach. The female deposits her eggs on 

'the bark near the ground, the young larvae, when hatched, works its way 

into the bark and downwards to the roots. Its 

work can be detected by the castings and exudation 

of gum; a thorough soaking of this portion of the tree 

with Polysolve Preparation No. 3, will kill the young. 

larvae and prevent &^^ deposit. 




13. The Broad Scale. 

Lecanium liespiviJiwi. (Linn.) 

This is a very common scale insect 
in the South and portions of the West 
and is found on the twigs of the orange 
and a great variety of other trees and 
shrubs. The trees infested with these 
parasites have a sickly appeaiance and 
unless removed will eventually kill 
them. No tree or shrub having scale in- 
sects upon it can flourish and should be 
thoroughly cleaned ivith the Polysolve 
Preparation No. i, red label' and after 
The Broad Scale. (Z(ra«/?^;« cleaning another coat given it, so as 

;usj>eridum.) Linn. ^^ j..jj jj^^^^j. ^j^^^ ^^ jj^ 

On the Orange. •' 

the crevices, etc. 



12 



14. The Barnacle Scale of the Orange. 

Ceroplastes cirripediformis. (Comstock.) 

This is one of the numerous scales that infests the orange and in the 
"South also the quince-trees. These insects can be effectually killed by the 
use of the Polysolve Preparation No. i, red label. 



15. The Black Scale. 

Lecanhwi oleae. (Bernard.) 

Another scale destructive to the orange, and is said to also 
live on the apple, pear, plum, etc. A thorough coating of the Polysolve 
Preparation, No. i, red label, will kill them at once and they can be 
easily removed. 

16. The Divaricated Buprestis. 

Dicer ca divarkata. (Say.) 

This insect lays its eggs upon the cherry-tree. The young larvae bor- 
ing in the bark, living on the sap-wood. The Polysolve Preparation, 
No. 3, should be applied in June, July and August. So as to prevent any 
young larvae from hatching. 

17. The Cherry-tree Scale. 

Aspidiotis cerasi. (Fitcli.) 

This insect appears like a small blister on the limbs of the wild and 
cultivated cherry and can be effectually killed with Polysolve Preparation, 
No. I, red label. 

18. The Cherry-tree Bark-louse. 

Lecajiiiun cerasifex. (Filch.) 

This bark-louse adhering to the trunk and branches of the cherry- 
tree can be also effectually killed with the Polysolve Preparation, No. i, 
red label, and afterward cleaning with the steel brush. 



19. The Quince Scale. 

Aspidioins cydoniae. (Comstock.) 

This scale of a whitish color is easily detected on the quince-trees, it is 
•often so abundant as to weaken them and cause their death. Polysolve 
Preparation, No. i, will effectually destroy them. 



— 13 — 

As many ivlio luill read this have fine shade and ornainental trees^ 
a few of the most prominent and the insects ajfectinfj them are here 
added. 

20. The White Oak Scale-Insect. 

Lt:caniiun quercifex. (Fitch.) 
This scale can be found adhering to the bark of the hmbs. A coat 
ofPoLYsoLVE Preparation, No. i, red label will effectualy remove them. 
After two applications use the steel brush. 



21. The Black Oak Scale-Insect. 

Lecaniiini qiiercitronis. (Fitch.) 
A small .scale adhering to the limbs and small branches of the black 
oak. PoLYSOLVE Prepar.\tion, No. r, used as above, will efifectually clean 
them. 



22. The Oak Blight. 

Eriosoma qiierci. (Fitch.) 
A species of wool}' aphis on the oaks. These can be removed by- 
simply washing the affected places with Polysolve Preparation, No. i. 



23. The Wooly Elm-tree Louse. 

Eriosoma Rileyi. (Tiionias.) 
This wooly aphis is found in large clusters on young elm-trees, caus- 
ing a knotty excrescence to grow and looking like patches of cotton all over 
the trunk and branches. One application of Polysolve Preparation,. 
No. I, will effectualy remove them all. 



24. The Hickory Bark-louse. 

Lecaniiun caryae. (Fitch.) 
This scale is found chiefly on the limbs of the hickory and can be 
effectually and quickly removed with the Preparation No. i, and steel 
brush. 

25. The Hickory Blight. 

Eriosoma caryae. (Fitch.) 
This insect appears as a soft, white down on the branches of the hickory, 
and these white masses contain myriads of small plant-lice, which live upon 
the sap of the tree. Polysolve Preparation No. i, applied with the brush 
alone is sufficient to entirely remove them and kill any eggs or larvae 
remaining. 



— 14 — 

2ii. The Butternut Bark-louse. 

Aspidioiis juglandis. (Fitch.) 
Small, pale brownish scales fixed to the bark of the limbs of the 
butternut, remove with Preparation No. i and steel brush. 



27. The Butternut Scale Insect. 

Lecanuwi jiiglandifex (Fitch.) 
A dull yellow scale adhering to the under side of the limbs of the 
butternut. Use as above Polysolve Preparation No. i. Red Label. 



28. The Locust Borer. 

Cylhne pida. (Diury . ) 
This pest so prevalent all over the country prr/oably does more injury 
than any other insect of its kind. Its larvae destroying young and even old 
locust trees by completely cutting them off, often after a high wind the 
locust limbs will be found lying on the ground, and upon examination 
they will be found to have been bored off by the larvae of this beetle. This 
is one of the hardest insects to contend with, and the trees need to be 
carefully guarded while young. The Polysolve Preparation No. 3, put 
on in August and the first of September will prevent the beetles from de- 
positing their eggs. 

29. The Poplar, Ash and Willow 

are affected with the scale insect Mytilaspis pomormn, (Bouchc) and should 
be treated with Preparation No. i, and after one or two applications 
thoroughly cleaned with a steel brush. 



80. Green Moss 

and minute fungi oizS^. kinds is effectually cleaned off of all varieties of trees 
and no tree should be left to nourish any parasite, if it is expected to 
appear fine and healthly and produce fruit. 



IV. The Polysolve Preparations for 
Destroying Insects. 



No. I. RED LABEL. 

For Scale insects, infestinof the trunks and branches 
of trees, apply the Polysolve Preparation No. i, red label, 
with a common white- wash brush and after letting it 
remain for about five minutes make another application 
and clean thoroughly with the steel brushes. After having 
thoroughly cleaned the bark make another application so 
as to be sure all remaining eggs or young are killed. 
Your tree will at once present another appearance and no 
one after usinsf it will ever let their trees cro over six 
months without a thorough cleaning with this preparation. 
It is not expensive and a small quantity after being mixed 
as directed will go a long way. 

To one pound Polysolve Preparation No. i, red 
label, add one to one and a half gallons of water. 

No. 2. BLUE LABEL. 

For insects destroying the roots of trees and plants 
the Polysolve Preparation No. 2, blue label, has worked 
very successfully. The earth is loosened and a small 
portion of the preparation poured around the plant at 
once killing the insects and leaving the roots clean and in 
a condition to again give proper nourishment to the tree. 
One application is usually sufficient and when a young 
tree shows sio-ns of weakness and no insects can be found 
upon it, the probabilities are something is at work at its 
roots and should at once be dug around, and some of the * 
Blue Label Preparation put in. 

To one pound Polysolve Preparation No. 2, blue label, 
add one to one and a half gallons of water. 

15 



— 10 — 

No. 3. GREEN LABEL. 

For the Apple-tree Borer and all insects that lay 
their eggs upon the trunk and branches. Two good ap- 
plications of the Polysolve Preparation No. 3, green label, 
will prevent the insects from laying their eggs upon the 
bark, and if any should hatch, the young larvae will be 
destroyed as soon as it begins to eat its way into the 
bark. Two good coats should be given as directed in 
pamphlet. This may seem like a great deal of work, but 
when one understands that one man can do a great many 
trees in a day, and also that the orchards are thereby 
benefited and saved and made to return more fruity the 
work is of little moment and the cost very small. 

To one pound Polysolve Preparation No. 3^ green 
label, add one ijallon of water. 

NOTICE :— Keep the cans closed with a plug in order to preserve the prepa- 
rations. Any remaining diluted solution should likewise be kept in a 
closed receptacle if not used up the same day. 



V. Implements for applying the Preparations. 

The brush used can be a common 
white-wash or kalsomining brush, or 
any large flat brushy as 
the work can be done 
quicker if the brush is a 
laroe one ; one of the best 
brushes is the large flat 
one used by painters. 

The steel brushes are 
similar to those used for 
cleaning castings ; they are also most useful for 
many purposes. For tender branches the steel 
brush may be too hard and a bdss root brush 
will be found preferable, or for quite delicate for dean^ngtrees^ 

. after using the 

work a common rice brush. Poiysoiye 

i'reparations. 




Brush for using Polysolve 
Preparations. 




17 — 




Steel brush No. 4. 




For the convenience of 
our customers we are pre- 
pared to furnish the brushes 
ilkistrated in this pamphlet. 

No. 4, 5, 6 aiul 10, 

each, $0.50 
''7, " 2.00 




Bass wood brush No. lo. 



Steel brush No. 7. 



(No. 7 is a loiincl steel brush with 
long handle and very useful for 
cleaninor big trees.) 




Steel brush No. 6. 



VI. Cost of applying Polysolve Preparations 

on trees. 

With one pound of Polysolve Preparation, mixed 
with one to one and a half gallons of water, from iS to 5o 
trees, according to size, can be treated. The application 
thus .costing but a few cents per tree and often insurino- 
the crop of fruit by giving the trees an opportunity to 
grow and utilize the .sap for leaf, flower, and fruit produc- 
tion rather than for the feeding of millions of parasites 
too often found upon them. 




are sold in square tin 



Trade 



cans which bear our 



Mark. 



Price per One Pound Can, $1,00, 



VII. Index to Insects, 



SCIEXTIFIC XAMES. COMMOX XAMES. PaSfe. 

Aegeria pyri (Harris) Pear-tree Borer 10 

'^ exitosa (Say) Peach-tree Borer 11 

Aspnliotus cerasi (Fitcli) Cherry-tree Scale Insect. . . 12 

" cydoniae (Comstoek) .... Quince-tree Scale Insect. .. 12 

J^«J^<in<lh (Fitch) Butternut Bark-louse 14 

Cyllene pncta (Drury) Locust Borer 14 

Coreplastes cirripediformh (Comstock) Orange Barnacle Scale 12 

ChrysohotJirls femordta (Fabr) Apple-tree flat-headed Borer. 9 

C/ikmaspis furfm"Ks (Fitcli) " scurfy Bark-louse. . . 8 

Dkerca divaricata (Say) Divaricated Buprostis 12 

.Eriosoma querei (Fitch) Oak Blight-louse 13 

BUeyi (Thomas) ... Flm-tree AVooly Ajihis 13 

enryae (Fitch) Hickory Blight-louse 13 

Leccmhnn cerasifex (Fitch) .'Cherry-tree Bark-louse. ... 12 

hesperidum (Linn) Orange Broad Scale 11 

oleae (Bernard) " Black Scale 12 

(piercifex (Fitch) White Oak Scale Insect. ... 13 

(jvercitronis (Fitch) Black *" '' '* .... 13 

pyvi (Schrank) Pear-tree Bark -louse 11 

vuryae (Fitch) Hickory Bark-louse 13 

JiKjliutdifex (Fitcli) Butternut Scale Insect .... 14 

p(rsicae (Fabr) Peach-tree Bark-louse 10 

Leptostylnx acidifer (Say) Apple-tree long horned Borer 9 

Mytilaspispornorttm (Bonchv) Apple oyster-shell Bark-louse 7 

M(marthri(in iind! (Fitch) Apple Bark Beetle 9 

ScJiiznueio-d. hiniycni (Hausiii. ) Apple AVooly Louse 10 

'' " ** *' " •' Root type G 

Sdjjcnla e<(>idid<i (Fabr) \})ple-tree round-headed Borer 8 



IS 



VIM. Index to Trees with Common Names of 
Insects found upon them. 



Page. 

Apple Apple Plant Eoot-louse, 7 

" Oyster-shell Bark-louse, 7 

" " Wooly Aphis, 10 

" " Scurfy Bark-louse, 8 

" " Tree-Borer, round headed 8 

*' " Bark Beetle, 9 

" " Tree-Borer, flat headed, 9 

" " Long horned Borer, 9 

Ash Ash Oyster-shell Bark-louse, 14 

Butternut Butternut Bark-louse, 14 

" Scale insect, 14 

Cherry Cherry-tree Scale, 13 

'' " Bark-louse, 13 

" " Dlcerca cJivarmtta, 13 

Elm Elm Wooly Aphis, 13 

Hickory Hickory Bark-louse 13 

'' " '' Blight, 13 

Locust Locust Borer, 14 

Oak Oak, Black, Scale Insect, 13 

"■ ()ak. White, Scale Insect, 13 

'' Oak Blight, 13 

Orange Orange Barnacle Scale, 12 

... "' Broad Scale, 11 

•• :* Black Scale, 12 

Poplar Poplar Scale Insect, 14 

]*ear Pear-tree Borer, 10 

'• Bark-louse, 11 

Peach Peach-tree Borer, ^ 11 

•• Bark-louse 10 

Quince Quince Scale Insect, 12 

Willow A\'illow Scale Insect 14 



ly 



IX. Remarks on Insects, destroying 
Shoots and Leaves. 



As the fall and winter is the best time to deal 
with scale insects this pamphlet, issued at this season, treats 
of their destruction chiefly. 

The Preparations can be used for all insects infesting 
trees and shrubs and workinQf on the tender shoots and 
leaves. As this will be more especially spring and summer 
work the preparations will be prepared and ready for use 
as needed. 

The Polysolve Preparations should be used for 
cleaning the trunks and limbs of all trees as it in- 
sures a clean and healthly bark and leaves no doubt as to 
the absolute certainty, that no insects are harboring under 
the scales and in the crevices of the bark. Many farmers 
and fruit-growers scrape their apple-trees, thereby taking 
off the old bark, which is a good practice if a coat of Poly- 
solve be given, the trunk before scraping the whole will be 
softened and more easily removed and all insects that are 
on the bark be killed, when otherwise they v/ould be left 
to aeain infest the tree. 



See Testimonial on second page of cover. 



20 



Destroy the Insects by all means! 

But do not stop here. 

In order to obtain the largest yield, and fruit of the finest 
flavor, your trees require proper 

PLANT FOOD. 

This is just as true of trees, as it is of the various farm crops. 

H. J. BAKER~& BROS 

(2©mplete Ma^ypes 

FOR 

■ FRUIT-TREES, GRAPE VINES, ORANGE-TREES, 

like their Complete Manures for each separate crop, are arranged to furnish 

just the plant food the tree requires, in order to obtain the best 

development, most vigorous and healthy growth, and most 

luscious fruit. They are the result of years of experiment, are 

composed of chemicals furnishing the various elements 

required in their most available form, and have been 

thoroughly tried with the most successful results. 



A SINGLE TRIAL WILL CONVINCE YOU. 



Those who have used them write : 

De Land, Fla,, September 28, 1883. 
I applied H. J. Bakf:r & Bros'. Fertilizer to Mr. Bradl)''s grove. The result was 
■wonderful, both on the old trees and on the nursery stock. I want more of it the 
coming season. It is the best I have used during eight years engaged in orange 
culture D. M. COONEY. 

Sanfokd, Fla. 
Dear Sirs, — In reply to your inquiry as to the results of "Baker's Orange Tree 
Fertilizer," I will say I consider it flfV/Vd'^/Zj' Mt' ^t'j-^. I have used several kinds, and 
have found none to equal it. The past season I applied it on 40 acres of half-dead 
trees, and now they are so green and healthy they look almost black. I shall want 
more of it next season. Truly yours, A. C. HARRIS. 

Dear Sirs, — I used about 450 lbs. per acre of your " Grapevine Manure " on my 
vineyard about the first of August last. The soil is a sandy loam, in good condition. 

The vines had an extraordinary heavy crop on, and ripened every cluster, and the 
wood is in fine condition. I am well satisfied with the results. 

Ulster Co., N. Y. SANDS HAVILAND. 



PEACH "STEIiLO'W CTJHE 

A special manure for Peach-trees, will cure the "Yellows," render the trees 
healthy and greatly stimulate their growth and fruit producing power. 

Our pamphlet "Facts for Farmers" giving full information as to 
above manures, mailed free. 

H. J. BAKER & BRC, 215 Pearl St., N. Y. 



LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS 



SstaTolislied. ISSO. 




000 890 601 4 



H. J. BAKER & BRO, 

215 Pearl Street, Neiv York. 

COMPLETE MANURES 

made for each separate crop, furnish Just 

the plant food required for each and 

produce wonderful crops. 

They contain no useless material. 

They avoid the introduction of weeds or weed seeds. 

They contain the full percentage of the fertilizing elements claimed. 

They serve to improve the quality of the land, and to restore poor 
soil to a good condition. 

All the ingredients are readily available as plant food. No powdered 
leather, ground horn, or other cheap form of Nitrogen is used. 

They are made especially to furnish the plant food necessary for each 
crop named without the aid of other materials. 

The proportion of the ingredients is so regulated as to furnish the 
required elements in the proper amount for the growth of each crop at the 
least cost. 

They will produce better crops than Stable Manure, and at less cost, 
provided the manure has to be bought or hauled any distance. 

Their lasting properties are superior to Stable Manure, supposing the 
same money value of each is used. 

Their concentrated form makes them easy of transportation. 



A FULL LINE OF 

AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, 

OF STRICT PURITY CONSTANTLY ON HAND. 

'ir kmiM Superpliospliale. Wm h\ MM, 

WE MANUFACTURE BOTH THE ABOVE FROM BONE. 

STRICTLY PURE GROUND BONE A SPECIALTY. 



Our pamphlet "PACTS TOR FARMERS" mailed free. 





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